A Study Of Consumption Behaviour Of Plastic Card Holders Of Ahmedabad City

This paper titled A Study of Consumption Behaviour of Plastic Card Holders of Ahmedabad City is aimed at knowing which types of plastic cards (credit card, debit/ATM card, charge card and smart card) are held by respondents and out of them which is the most used plastic card, the number of plastic cards used, most popular card issuing bank and most preferred brand of plastic card of respondents of Ahmedabad city. The findings are that majority of card holders have debit card and it is the most preferred card for purchasing goods and services by respondents. Respondents possess more than one cards. Only 32% card holders have only one card and nearly 68 % card holders have more than one card. Axis bank is the most popular card issuing bank (20.2%) amongst majority of respondents followed by SBI. The majority of respondents (34.6%) are using Classic brand plastic card. This revels that other brands like Classic Plus, Edge, Global, Gold, Neo, Platinum, Priority, Privilege,Titanium etc. are less popular.

Evaluation of sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic cards to different strains / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To compare the sensitivity(dilution) of antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic cards for severe acute respiratory symptom coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) at home and abroad to different strains.Methods Vaccine bulks of four SARS-CoV-2 strains(original strain,Beta,Delta and Omicron) produced by Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd.were used as the sample panel for sensitivity assessment,of which a series of diluted samples were detected by using 21 batches of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic cards from 17 domestic and foreign manufacturers and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection reagent from Shanghai GeneoDx Biotech Co.,Ltd,respectively.The sensitivity of antigendetecting rapid diagnostic cards and nucleic acid detection reagent was evaluated according to the dilutions.The results of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic reagents and nucleic acid detection reagent were compared to determine the nucleic acid detection Ct value corresponding to the group of antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic reagent with the highest dilution,namely the highest sensitivity.Results The sensitivity of antigen detection cards for the vaccine bulks of original strain,Beta,Delta and Omicron was 1:10～1:8 × 10~4.1:10~3～1:2 × 10~5,1:10~2～1:4 × 10~4,and 1:10～1:4 × 10~5,respectively;The sensitivity of nucleic acid detection cards was 10~(-6),10~(-5),10~(-4) and 10~(-7),respectively.The Ct values of N gene which were reached by high sensitivity antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic cards were as follows:original strain(10~(-4)) of more than 31,Beta variant(10~(-5)) of more than 36,Delta variant(10~(-4)) of more than 34,Omicron variant(10~(-5)) of more than 33,meeting the requirements of domestic and European Union for SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic cards.Conclusion All the antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic cards detected the four virus strains,while the sensitivity of different reagents to different variants varies to some extent,among which the sensitivity to Omicron variant varies the most.

Baralho para avaliação, intervenção e posvenção do comportamento suicida / Deck of cards for assessement, intervention and prevention and postvention of suicidal behavior / Baraja de cartas para evaluación, intervención y posvención de la conducta suicida

A pesquisa teve como objetivo construir um baralho para avaliação, intervenção e posvenção do comportamento suicida em adultos que tivesse evidência de validade de conteúdo. Para buscar a evidência de validade de conteúdo das cartas realizou-se a análise quantitativa por meio da porcentagem de concordância entre os juízes, índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) e coeficiente de Kappa, assim como a análise semântica do conteúdo das cartas. 134 cartas apresentaram IVC dentro dos parâmetros psicométricos recomendáveis, e o Kappa geral e por dimensões demonstrou concordância moderada entre os juízes. Na análise semântica, 27 cartas foram modificadas e 16excluídas. Estima-se que o baralho auxiliará na instrumentalização dos psicólogos frente ao comportamento suicida, na prevenção do risco ao suicídio, assim como dará suporte a pessoa com ideação, plano e tentativa suicida e a sobreviventes enlutados (AU).

This research aimed to build a deck of cards for assessment, intervention and postvention of suicidal behavior in adults that evidenced content validation. To search for evidence of card content validation, a quantitative analysis was performed through the percentage of agreement among the judges, Content Validity Index (CVI) and Cohen's Kappa Coefficient, as well as the semantic analysis of the content of the cards. 134 cards presented the recommended psychometric parameters, furthermore the general Kappa had moderate level of agreement among the judges. In the semantic analysis, 27 cards were modified and 16were excluded. It is estimated that this deck of cards will help psychologists provide tools for suicidal behavior, prevent the risk of suicide, as well as support people who struggle with suicidal ideation, plan and attempt, as well as survivors of suicide (AU).

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo construir una baraja de cartas para la evaluación, intervención y posvención de la conducta suicida en adultos que evidenciara validación de contenido. Para buscar evidencia de validación del contenido de la tarjeta, se realizó un análisis cuantitativo a través del porcentaje de acuerdo entre los jueces, Índice de Validez de Contenido (CVI) y Coeficiente Kappa de Cohen, así como el análisis semántico del contenido de las tarjetas. 134 tarjetas presentaron los parámetros psicométricos recomendados, además el Kappa general tuvo un nivel moderado de acuerdo entre los jueces. En el análisis semántico, se modificaron 27 cartas y se excluyeron 16. Se estima que esta baraja de cartas ayudará a los psicólogos a proporcionar herramientas para el comportamiento suicida, prevenir el riesgo de suicidio, así como apoyar a las personas que luchan con la ideación, el plan y el intento suicida, así como a los sobrevivientes del suicidio (AU).

Current Scenario and Future Direction of Newborn Screening and Management Program for Phenylketonuria in Bangladesh

Abstract Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a correctable inborn error of metabolism which causes lethal intellectual delay and neurobehavioral anomalies. A screening package, especially for early recognition can support to regulate the PKU process of most patients. New-born screening program in any country focuses at the earliest detection of inheritance deficiency disorders in order to avoid the most severe repercussion by appropriate medication. This screening program needs a concomitant diagnosis and involves additional clinical research. Strategies from developed countries recommend that new-born screening should be done as soon as possible after birth before hospital/clinic discharge because if detected later, it conveys to significantly increase in disability as well as morbidity. Although exact protocol differs among different countries, testing procedures for PKU should be followed universally recognized in the developed world. Unfortunately, new-born screening program in Bangladesh is in lying-in room or possibly in pilot study in particular hospital, because the health-care system is classically targeted mortality (like childbirth complications) and transmittable morbidities (such as COVID-19) but not inborn frailties. Although policies and management of childbirth complications have been successfully lowered infant and mother mortality rates, the number of disabled babies increased tremendously. The study aims to investigate the current status of new-born screening (NBS) program of PKU in the Rajshahi Division Bangladesh, and focus on future plans to manage with life-long treatment. The primary challenges such as financial support for newborn screening, publicity, should be identified and implemented for national PKU-NBS policy as a role model of Bangladesh for developing countries.

Jogo de cartas como estratégia para o ensino de doenças autoimunes na graduação médica / Card game as strategy for the teaching of autoimmune diseases in medical graduation / Juego de cartas como estrategia para la enseñanza de enfermedades autoinmunes en la graduación médica

A experiência relatada neste artigo envolveu a elaboração e aplicação do ImunoDAI, um jogo de cartas desenvolvido por alunos e professores do curso de Medicina para abordar o conteúdo técnico de vinte Doenças Autoimunes (DAI). As DAI compreendem numerosas doenças com diferentes apresentações clínicas que compartilham uma etiologia complexa, porém comum, representada pela resposta imunológica contra autoantígenos. O ImunoDAI trata-se de um jogo produzido coletivamente que, enquanto recurso pedagógico, possibilitou o trabalho com as DAI por meio da elaboração de quatro cartas contendo informações sobre as principais causas da doença; imunopatogênese; sinais e sintomas; diagnóstico e tratamento. A utilização do jogo facilitou a fixação dos conteúdos e favoreceu o processo de ensino-aprendizagem ao permitir múltiplas interações, promover a aprendizagem dos conteúdos, desenvolver autonomia, criatividade, cooperação mútua, discussões e tomadas de decisões, habilidades indispensáveis aos futuros médicos.

The experience reported in this article involved the development and application of ImmunoDAI, a card game developed by students and professors of the medical course to address the technical content of twenty autoimmune diseases (DAI). The DAI comprise numerous diseases with different clinical presentations that share a complex but common etiology represented by the immune response against autoantigens. The ImunoDAI is a collectively produced game that, as a pedagogical resource, made possible the work with the DAI through the elaboration of four letters containing information about the main causes of the disease; immunopathogenesis; signals and symptoms; diagnosis and treatment. The use of the game facilitated the fixing of contents and favored the teaching-learning process by allowing multiple interactions, promoting content learning, developing autonomy, creativity, cooperation, discussions and decision making, skills that are indispensable for future doctors.

A experiencia relatada en este artículo involucró la elaboración y aplicación del ImunoDAI, un juego de cartas desarrollado por alumnos y profesores del curso de Medicina para abordar el contenido técnico de veinte Enfermedades autoinmunes (DAI). Las DAI comprenden numerosas enfermedades con diferentes presentaciones clínicas que comparten una etiología compleja, pero común, representada por la respuesta inmunológica contra autoantígenos. El ImunoDAI es un juego producido colectivamente que, en cuanto recurso pedagógico, posibilitó el trabajo con las DAI por medio de la elaboración de cuatro cartas conteniendo informaciones sobre las principales causas de la enfermedad; inmunopatogenia; signos y síntomas; diagnóstico y tratamiento. La utilización del juego facilitó la fijación de los contenidos y favoreció el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje al permitir múltiples interacciones, promover el aprendizaje de los contenidos, desarrollar autonomía, creatividad, cooperación, discusiones y tomas de decisiones, habilidades indispensables para los futuros médicos.

Assessment of FTA card employment for Pasteurella multocida DNA transport and detection of virulence-associated genes in strains isolated from fowl cholera in the United States / Avaliação do emprego de cartões FTA para o transporte do DNA de Pasteurella multocida e pesquisa de genes associados à virulência em cepas isoladas de cólera aviária nos Estados Unidos

Fowl Cholera (FC) is a disease caused by Pasteurella multocida. The severity of this disease is partly caused by virulence factors. Genes encoding fimbriae, capsule, sialidases and proteins for iron metabolism may be related to P. multocida's ability to infect the host. Besides to examining DNA for the presence of virulence genes, DNA is essential for the diagnostic and FTA cards are an alternative for genetic material transport. The study aims to evaluate the viability of P. multocida DNA transport using the cards and to detect 14 virulence genes in 27 strains isolated from FC cases in the United States by multiplex-PCR. No growth was observed in any of the FTA cards, which was essential to assess the security. Furthermore, DNA detection was possible in 100% of the samples, independent of the storage period (7 to 35 days) and temperature (4°C and 37°C). ptfA, exbd-tonB, hgbA, nanB, oma87, hyaD-hyaC, sodC, hgbB, sodA, nanH and pfhA genes were detected in more than 80% of the samples. FTA cards have proven to be a viable and safe tool for DNA transport of P. multocida. A majority of genes showed a high frequency, which was similar to strains isolated from FC cases.(AU)

Cólera aviária (CA) é uma doença causada pela bactéria Pasteurella multocida e a severidade dos casos é em parte justificada por fatores de virulência. Genes codificando fímbrias, cápsulas, sialidases, dismutases e proteínas do metabolismo férrico podem ser relacionados à capacidade do agente em infectar o hospedeiro. Além da obtenção do DNA para pesquisa de genes de virulência, o material genético é fundamental para o diagnóstico, e os cartões FTA seriam uma alternativa no transporte de microrganismos. Os objetivos da presente pesquisa foram avaliar a viabilidade do transporte de DNA de P. multocida através dos cartões e detectar 14 genes de virulência em 27 cepas isoladas de CA nos Estados Unidos, por meio de multiplex-PCR. Nenhuma das amostras para análise microbiológica da segurança dos cartões apresentou crescimento. Foi possível a detecção do DNA em 100% das amostras, independentemente do tempo de estocagem (sete a 35 dias) e das temperaturas (4°C e 37°C) avaliadas. Genes ptfA, exbd-tonB, hgbA, nanB, oma87, hyaD-hyaC, sodC, hgbB, sodA, nanH e pfhA foram detectados em mais de 80% das amostras. Os cartões FTA demonstraram ser uma ferramenta viável e segura para o transporte do DNA de P. multocida. A maioria dos genes apresentou uma alta frequência, compatível com isolados de CA.(AU)

Expression and identification of recombinant chimeric CARDS of Mycoplasma pneumoniae / 中国人兽共患病学报

We expressed multi-epitope chimeric protein of CARDS toxin protein of Mycoplasma pneumonia (Mp) in prokaryotic cells,and purified and investigated its immunoreactivity.A recombinant multi-epitope chimeric gene including ten critical epitopes was connected by linker and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a(+),and transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) cells for expression under induction of IPTG.The antigenicity of expressed recombinant protein was identified with 6 × His monoclonal antibody and human positive serum by Western blot.The recombinant expression vector pET-CARDS was constructed and the about 30 kDa recombinant chimeric protein expressed in BL21(DE3) successfully.Western blot analysis showed that it can react respectively with 6 × His monoclonal antibodies and human positive serum.This study showed that the chimeric CARDS protein has an obvious immunoreactivity and a potential to be a new antigen for the diagnosis of Mp infection.

Optimización de un método de PCR en tiempo real para el diagnóstico de infecciones por Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Optimization of a real-time PCR method for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections

A Mycoplasma pneumoniae se lo ha descrito como causante de diversas patologías, pero la más frecuente es la neumonía de la comunidad, en la que puede asociarse a otros patógenos. Afecta pincipalmente a niños de edad escolar y adultos jóvenes, aunque en las últimas décadas es frecuente hallarlo también en niños menores de 5 años. El daño celular ocurre sobre el epitelio de bronquios y bronquiolos por acumulación de peróxido de hidrógeno y radicales superóxido producidos durante su metabolismo celular. Recientemente se ha reportado que en estos eventos patogénicos también participa una citotoxina conocida como CARDS toxin (community-acquired respiratory distress syndrome) que la bacteria expresa como factor de virulencia, ya que induce una importante respuesta inflamatoria celular. Los métodos moleculares son más sensibles y rápidos que los métodos de diagnóstico tradicionales y se consideran de elección. No obstante, para lograr un diagnóstico óptimo, se aconseja la combinación de estos métodos junto con los serológicos. En el presente estudio se optimiza un método de PCR en tiempo real con iniciadores dirigidos a la región del gen que codifica la CARDS toxin. El método demostró ser muy sensible y rápido para el diagnóstico clínico de M. pneumoniae, con una concordancia қ: 0,95 con el método convencional de PCR anidada que emplea como target al gen que codifica para la citoadhesina P1. A su vez es mucho menos laborioso e implica un menor riesgo de contaminación, lo que permite el manejo de un alto número de muestras clínicas (AU)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been described as the cause of different infections, the most common of which is communityacquired pneumonia, possibly associated with other pathogens. Community-acquired pneumonia mainly affects school-age children and young adults, although over the past decades the disease has also been found in children under 5 years of age. Cell damage occurs on the epithelium of the bronchi and bronchioles due to accumulation of hydrogenous peroxide and superoxide radicals produced during cell metabolism. Recently, it has been reported that in these pathogenic events a cytotoxin known as CARDS toxin (community-acquired respiratory distress syndrome) participates, expressed by the bacteria as a factor of virulence, as it induces an important inflammatory cell response. The molecular methods are more sensitive and faster than the traditional diagnostic methods, and are considered the methods of choice; however, for an optimal diagnosis, a combination of these methods together with serological studies is recommended. In the current study, a real-time PCR method with markers targeted to the region of the gene encoding the CARDS toxin was optimized. The method showed to be very sensitive and fast for the clinical diagnosis of M. pneumoniae, with a қ agreement of 0.95 with the conventional nested PCR method that uses the gene encoding cytoadhesin P1 as a target. Additionally, the new method is much easier with a lower risk of contamination, which allows management of a large number of clinical samples (AU)

Carteira de vacinação virtual / Virtual vaccination card

Apesar do constante crescimento do uso da tecnologia nas diversas áreas, ainda existem processos não informatizados, dependendo exclusivamente do uso da caneta e do papel, exemplo disso é a carteira de vacinação no Brasil. Em vários postos de saúde, os processos de registro da vacinação, desde o registro de quantas vacinas chegaram ao posto até o controle de quantas vacinas foram aplicadas diária e mensalmente são realizados através de fichas preenchidas manualmente pelos colaboradores destes postos. Esses procedimentos geram: inconsistência e perda de informações, difícil acesso a informações, dentre outros. Este artigo propõe um protótipo de carteira de vacinação virtual com o objetivo de propiciar o acesso ágil às informações registradas, armazenar informações de forma centralizada e organizada, permitindo a consistência e integridade de dados. Para isso, utiliza-se um cartão inteligente combinado a um ambiente web proporcionando acesso imediato e integral ao registro do histórico de vacinação de todo cidadão.

Despite the steady growth in the use of technology in different areas, there are still not computerized procedures, depending exclusively the use of pen and paper, example is the vaccination card in Brazil. In several health centers, all of vaccination registration processes, since the registration of all vaccines reached the post until track ofhow many vaccines were applied daily and monthly are performed through bookmarks manually filled by employees of these stations. These procedures create: inconsistency and loss of information, difficult access to information, among others. This paper purposes a prototype a virtual vaccination card in order to provide an agile access to recorded information, store information in a centralized and organized manner, allowing consistency and data integrity. For this,we use a combined smart card to web environment providing immediate and full access to the record of the vaccination history of all citizens.

Screening of miRNAs in ovarian cancer patients and its correlation with clinicopathological features / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:The prognosis of ovarian cancer is poor and the diagnosis is relatively late. It is needed to search for early diagnosis and treatment for ovarian cancer. This study investigated the expression of serum miRNAs in patients with malignancy or benign ovarian tumor preoperativey and analyzed its correlation with clinicopathological progress and prognostic features of epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods:Forty-eight miRNAs which have been reported to be related to ovarian cancer were ordered. The differential expression of 48 miRNAs in the serum of patients with malignant or benign epithelial ovarian tumors was detected by TaqMan low density array. The differentially expressed miRNAs were further confirmed by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR). The relationship between the expression level of selected miRNA and clinical clinicopathological factors, progress and prognosis were analyzed.Results:TaqMan low density array and further RTFQ-PCR showed that only miR-125b was sig-nificantly increased in 135 ovarian cancer patients as compared with 38 individuals with benign tumor. The expression of miR-125b was higher in early stage patients than that in advanced stage patients (P=0.039). The patients without residual tumor expressed more miR-125b than patients with residual tumor (P=0.013). The high level of miR-125b was signifi-cantly correlated with longer progress free survival (PFS) (P=0.003), but not correlated with overall survival (OS) (P=0.069). Conclusion:MiR-125b may play an important role in the pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer and prognosis. It may be a potential gene to predict the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer, but the change of gene expression at different stages and its underlying mechanism need further research.

Assessment of Breastfeeding Problems Experienced by Mothers in the First Six Months Postpartum: A Process of Tool Development

Introduction: Studies have found that breastfeeding problems are associated with negative breastfeeding outcomes. Unfortunately, assessing breastfeeding problems can be quite difficult. The objective of the paper is to share the process of tool development for the assessment of breastfeeding problem in an Indonesian setting. Methods: The development of the tool was a two-stage process, consisting of understanding the range and pattern of breastfeeding problems (through literature review, discussions with lactation experts, and in-depth interviews with nursing mothers) and the production of the tool (through discussions with graphic designers and communication practitioners, pre-testing the tools, and finalising a workable, viable tool). The process led the authors to use flash cards for assessing the breastfeeding problems. Each card consisted of information about age, a code number, an image and a description of the breastfeeding problem. Each set of the flash cards represented an age period of 0-1, 1-3, and 3-6 months. The final flash cards were used in a cross-sectional study of 205 mothers of infants aged 6-12 months in Maros District, South Sulawesi. Results: The flash cards captured patterns of breastfeeding problems experienced by mothers within the first month, such as sore nipple, no milk production, fatigue, breast engorgement, and sleepy baby, or those problems that persisted throughout the six-month period such as infants' refusal to breastfeed and mothers feeling fatigued. The decreasing or increasing magnitude of a problem over time was also reflected in the flash cards. Conclusion: Identification of the dynamic patterns and magnitude of breastfeeding problems was successfully captured with the use of flash cards.

Comparison of lea gratings with cardiff acuity cards for vision testing of preverbal children.

Aims: To create a normative data for lea grating (LG) in the Indian population and to compare LG with Cardiff Acuity Card (CAC). Settings and Design: Normative Data was acquired from normal children between 6 months-3 years coming to the ‘Immunisation Clinic’ and ‘Well-Baby Clinic’ at a Civil Hospital. To compare LG with CAC, normal and amblyopic children between 6 months-3 years were evaluated, Materials and Methods: Monocular and binocular visual acuity (VA) was measured using LG and then CAC. VA and time taken to perform the test were compared. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's Correlation Coefficient to compare VA and Student paired t-test (significance P<0.005) to compare time. Results: Two standard deviations of VA of 100 normal children overlapped with that published by Lea. Of the 30 amblyopic children aged 18.32 ± 10.5 months (2-36), 18 were females. VA was 0.95 ± 0.3 logMAR (0.7–1.2) and 1.0 ± 0.6 logMAR (0.5–2.1) binocularly and 1.32 ± 0.08 logMAR (0.2-0.6) and 1.15 ± 0.15 logMAR (0.88-1.48) monocularly on CAC and LG respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.98 and 0.63 for binocular and monocular assessment respectively. Time taken to perform LG monocularly and binocularly was significantly less (P<0.001) than CAC. Conclusion: Normative data acquired in Indian pre-verbal children is similar to that published by Lea. Though VA by CAC is better than LG, the two tests are comparable.

Psicología en Argentina: criterios psicológicos en los diseños de fichas del área laboral (1920-1945) / Psychology in Argentina: psychological criterions in the sketchs of data cards in labor area (1920-1945)

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar los distintos diseños de fichas utilizadas en el área laboral en Argentina desde 1920 a 1945, que hasta ahora han sido relevadas en el curso de la investigación. Este estudio se incluye en un contexto de investigación mas amplio (UBACYT P046) que se propone explicitar las variaciones en el diseño y en el contenido de los protocolos como así también su sistematización de acuerdo a los sesgos preprofesionales (criminológico, clínico, educacional y laboral). Los distintos tipos de Historias Clínicas y de Fichas constituyen documentos escritos que registran el modo en que las prácticas fueron efectivamente llevadas a cabo y los distintos modos en que han sido pensados los criterios psicológicos. Dichas prácticas, a su vez, no son ajenas a las condiciones políticas y sociales que establecen un marco de posibilidad para los requerimientos institucionales (Rossi e Ibarra, 2008 a, b).

The aim of this paper is to analyse the psychological criterions of the different sketchs of data cards used in the labor area in Argentina from 1920 to 1945, which were collected during the investigation. This study is included in a larger investigation (UBACyT P046) whose purpose is to determine the changes in the design and the content of protocols as well as their sistematization according to the pre-professional profiles (criminologic, clinical, educational and labor). The different types of Clinical Records and Data Cards are written documents that register the way in which practices were realized and the different ways of defining psychological criterions. At the same time, these practices are influenced by political and social conditions which establish a context for institutional requirements (Rossi and Ibarra, 2008 a, b).

Manifestation of Cognitive Function in Geriatric Patient with Subjective Memory Complaint / 영남의대학술지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find out cognitive function of the patients with subjective memory complaint. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From March 1st 2005 to May 31st 2009, 155 normal individuals without any medical illness who visited Yeungnam University Hospital to undergo medical checkup with neurocognitive test was enrolled, and checked by using Cognitive Assessment & Reference Diagnostic System. RESULTS: 107 of the patients had normal cognitive function, 21 patients (about 15%) were diagnosed with dementia, and 10 patients (about 7%) were diagnosed with considerable psychiatric illness, such as depression, anxiety disorder, adjustment disorder. CONCLUSION: Because the patients with subjective memory complaint can be diagnosed as any psychiatric illness as well as dementia, sensitive screening test and early psychiatric approach is needed.

Genealogías discursivas en protocolos del área criminológica: Argentina (1904-1946) / Genealogical discursive series criminological data cards and folders: Argentina (1904-1946)

En la sucesión alternante de contextos político-sociales (períodos de democracia restringida y de participación ampliada) se releva un conjunto de protocolos (Fichas, Cuadernos) pertenecientes al campo profesional criminológico relacionado con la psicología. Se conforma un conjunto significativo de documentos que permite tanto su sistematización en subgrupos como su seriación en secuencias genealógicas. El género (fichas, boletín, cuadernos, examen) el anclaje institucional (cárcel, asilos, colonias), la intencionalidad (diagnóstico, derivación) e implicaciones sobre la población en quien se aplica (encausados adultos, reclusos, menores), su estructura y diseño de la evaluación; serán enfocados con criterios de análisis crítico intradiscursivo e interdiscursivo.

A collection of data cards (dossiers) issued as criminological studies related to psychology belonging to official institutions (jails, asylums) emerge during periods of politically changing backgrounds (such as the alternance between restricted or normal democratic periods) in Argentina. Once gathered, these documents can be classified into different groups crossing 2 different criteria: sort of institution and group of application (children, adults). Discursive analysis will be applied on these two secuential series of documents, in order to compare its inner structure and purposes,with different manners of conceiving psychological subject and the ways psychology has been considered in different political contexts.

¿Para qué sirve y cómo se construye un registro de los estados de ánimo? / What utility and how do you construct a register of different modds?

The register of the different moods not only has a heuristic value in the classic description of the manic depressive syndrome done by Emil Kraepelin, but also has a fundamental roll in investigation as well as in clinical treatment of the bipolar disorder, that way becoming an essential tool in the tasks of psychiatrist and psychologist, in charge of patients with mood syndromes. A register of the mood states permits having a graphic and longitudinal vision of the evolution of the mood episodes of patients. This is fundamental for the control of this syndrome who’s central characteristic is the reoccurrence of episodes and have diverse clinical presentations, can change its course over time and requires complex therapeutic interventions.

Los registros de los estados de ánimo además de tener un valor heurístico en la descripción clásica de la enfermedad maniaco depresiva realizada por Emil Kraepelin, tienen un rol fundamental tanto en la investigación como en la clínica del trastorno bipolar, siendo una herramienta imprescindible en el quehacer clínico del psiquiatra o psicólogo, que está a cargo de pacientes con enfermedades del ánimo. Un registro de los estados del ánimo permite tener una visión gráfica y longitudinal de la evolución de los episodios anímicos del paciente. Esto es fundamental para el control de esta enfermedad cuya característica central es la recurrencia de episodios y que además posee presentaciones clínicas diversas, puede cambiar su curso a lo largo del tiempo y requerir de intervenciones terapéuticas complejas.

Role of health education chart cards in preventing the thrombus occlusion of peripherally inserted central catheter / 中华临床营养杂志

s of catheter,and extend the service life of a catheter.

Imported Malaria in United Arab Emirates: Evaluation of a New DNA Extraction Technique Using Nested PCR

Local malaria transmission in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) came to an end in 1997. Nevertheless, UAE has been subjected to substantial importation of malaria cases from abroad, concerning both UAE nationals and immigrants from malarious countries with a total number of 2,119 cases in 2007. To evaluate a new DNA extraction technique using nested PCR, blood samples were collected from 132 individuals who presented to Infectious Diseases Department in Rashid Hospital, Dubai, and Central Department of Malaria Control with fever and persistent headache. Giemsa-stained blood films and ELISA test for malaria antibodies were carried out for detection of Plasmodium infection. Plasmodium infections were identified with the genus-specific primer set and species differentiation using nested PCR. A rapid procedure for diagnosis of malaria infections directly from dried blood spots using for the first time DNA extract from FTA Elute cards was evaluated in contrast to extraction techniques using FTA classic cards and rapid boiling technique. Our new simple technique for DNA extraction using FTA Elute cards was very sensitive giving a sensitivity of 100% compared to 94% using FTA classic cards and 62% in the rapid boiling technique. No complex preparation of blood samples was required prior to the amplification. The production cost of DNA isolation in our PCR assay was much less in comparable to that of other DNA extraction protocols. The nested PCR detected plasmodial infection and could differentiate P. falciparum from P. vivax, and also detected the mixed infection.

Imported Malaria in United Arab Emirates: Evaluation of a New DNA Extraction Technique Using Nested PCR

Local malaria transmission in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) came to an end in 1997. Nevertheless, UAE has been subjected to substantial importation of malaria cases from abroad, concerning both UAE nationals and immigrants from malarious countries with a total number of 2,119 cases in 2007. To evaluate a new DNA extraction technique using nested PCR, blood samples were collected from 132 individuals who presented to Infectious Diseases Department in Rashid Hospital, Dubai, and Central Department of Malaria Control with fever and persistent headache. Giemsa-stained blood films and ELISA test for malaria antibodies were carried out for detection of Plasmodium infection. Plasmodium infections were identified with the genus-specific primer set and species differentiation using nested PCR. A rapid procedure for diagnosis of malaria infections directly from dried blood spots using for the first time DNA extract from FTA Elute cards was evaluated in contrast to extraction techniques using FTA classic cards and rapid boiling technique. Our new simple technique for DNA extraction using FTA Elute cards was very sensitive giving a sensitivity of 100% compared to 94% using FTA classic cards and 62% in the rapid boiling technique. No complex preparation of blood samples was required prior to the amplification. The production cost of DNA isolation in our PCR assay was much less in comparable to that of other DNA extraction protocols. The nested PCR detected plasmodial infection and could differentiate P. falciparum from P. vivax, and also detected the mixed infection.

Utilización de las tarjetas FTA® para el diagnóstico molecular del virus de la enfermedad de NEWCASTLE en muestras de fluido alantoideo / Utilization of FTA® Cards for the Molecular Diagnostic of Newcastle Disease Virus in Allantoic Fluid Samples

Se evaluó la factibilidad de utilizar las tarjetas FTA® (Flinders Technology Associates) para la inactivación y transporte de fluido alantoideo infectado con el virus de la enfermedad de Newcastle (VEN). La tarjetas FTA® fueron impregnadas con diluciones seriadas de fluido alantoideo con un título inicial de 10(8,8) DL/50 del VEN cepa LaSota y analizadas mediante la prueba de reacción en cadena por la polimerasa transcriptasa reversa (por sus siglas en ingles RT-PCR) a las 24 horas, 7 y 14 días. La concentración más baja del virus detectada en el fluido alantoideo fue 10(5,8) DL/50. La detección del virus a partir de la tarjeta fue posible hasta 14 días después de su inactivación. El re-aislamiento viral en huevos embrionados a partir de las tarjetas resultó negativo. La inactivación del virus en las tarjetas no afectó la calidad de la secuencia de nucleótidos, permitiendo la determinación de su virulencia mediante la secuenciación de los nucleótidos que codifican la zona de corte de la proteína de fusión resultando ser lentogénico en concordancia con la cepa inicial de virus aplicada a las tarjetas. Se concluye que las tarjetas FTA® representan una alternativa válida para el muestreo, inactivación y diagnóstico molecular del VEN, con un alto grado de bioseguridad.

The feasibility of using FTA® cards (Flinders Technology Associates) for inactivation and transportation of allantoic fluid infected with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was evaluated. Serial dilutions of allantoic fluid with a titer of 10(8.8) ELD/50 of LaSota strain NDV were loaded on the FTA® cards and analyzed after 24 hour, 7 and 14 days using reverse transcriptase-polimerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The lowest virus concentration that could be detected from the FTA® cards was 10(5.8) ELD/50. The detection of the inactivated virus was possible after 14 days of virus inactivation. No virus re-isolation in embryonating eggs was possible from the cards. No negative effects of the FTA® card inactivation on the nucleotide sequences were observed, allowing the determination of its virulence by direct nucleotide sequencing of the F protein cleavage site, resulting in a lentogénic strain in concordance with the initial virus applied on the cards. It can be conclude that FTA® cards are a valid alternative for NDV sampling, inactivation and molecular diagnostic with a high degree of biosecurity.